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Uniform Tire Quality Grading, commonly abbreviated as UTQG, is a set of standards for passenger car tires that measures a tire's treadwear, temperature resistance and traction. The UTQG was created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in 1978, a branch of the United States Department of Transportation (DOT). [ 1 ]
However 'P' denotes P metric size load and speed rating changes for P tire & non-P tires; 195 – the nominal width of the tire is approximately 195 mm at the widest point; 55 – indicates that the height of the sidewall of the tire is 55% of the width (107 mm) R – this is a radial tire; 16 – this tire fits 16 in (410 mm) rims
The word tire is a short form of attire, from the idea that a wheel with a tire is a dressed wheel. [3] [4] Tyre is the oldest spelling, [5] and both tyre and tire were used during the 15th and 16th centuries. During the 17th and 18th centuries, tire became more common in print.
Rolling resistance is the main key factor in measuring the energy efficiency of a tyre and has direct influence on the fuel consumption of a vehicle. A set of tyres of the green class "A" compared to a "G" class can reduce fuel consumption by 9% [3] of a passenger car; even more for trucks.
A Union of Concerned Scientists newsletter says "LRR tires also meet the same federal standards for treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance as regular tires." [11] Older Low-rolling resistance tires may reduce ability to grip, especially when taking corners, and may also wear out more rapidly. [12]
The tire is first centered, and the bead areas are lubricated to assure a smooth fitment to the measurement rims. The tire is indexed into the test station and placed on the lower chuck. The upper chuck lowers to make contact with the upper bead. The tire is inflated to the set point pressure.