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Two enantiomeric pair in which all three pairs of identical ligands are cis. These are equivalent to the Δ vs Λ isomers mentioned above. The number of possible isomers can reach 30 for an octahedral complex with six different ligands (in contrast, only two stereoisomers are possible for a tetrahedral complex with four different ligands).
CO is a well-known strong pi-accepting ligand in organometallic chemistry that will labilize in the cis position when adjacent to ligands due to steric and electronic effects. The system most often studied for the cis effect is an octahedral complex M(CO) 5 X where X is the ligand that will labilize a CO ligand cis to it.
The ligand can bend so that one donor atom is at the pole and the remaining three are on the equator of the central atom. This is called cis-β (beta). The remaining octahedral positions are cis (adjacent) to each other. The triangles of coordinating atoms and the central atom have two coplanar atoms, and one perpendicular atom.
In inorganic complex chemistry, the descriptors cis and trans are used to characterize the positional isomers in octahedral complexes with A 2 B 4 X configuration or square planar complexes with A 2 B 2 X configuration.
For octahedral complexes of formula MX 4 Y 2, two isomers also exist. (Here M is a metal atom, and X and Y are two different types of ligands.) In the cis isomer, the two Y ligands are adjacent to each other at 90°, as is true for the two chlorine atoms shown in green in cis-[Co(NH 3) 4 Cl 2] +, at left.
The complex is prepared by treatment of titanium tetrachloride with excess acetylacetone: [1] TiCl 4 + 2 Hacac → Ti(acac) 2 Cl 2 + 2 HCl. It is an octahedral complex that crystallizes as a racemic mixture of the chiral cis isomers. [2] It is fluxional in solution, as the result of rapid cis–trans equilibrium. [3]
cis-Dichlorobis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) is the coordination complex with the formula RuCl 2 (bipy) 2, where bipy is 2,2'-bipyridine. It is a dark green diamagnetic solid that is a precursor to many other complexes of ruthenium, mainly by substitution of the two chloride ligands. [1] The compound has been crystallized as diverse hydrates.
There are four formula units (in this case, discrete molecules) per unit cell, giving a density of 5.09 g·cm −3. [25] The OsF 6 molecule itself (the form important for the liquid or gas phase) has octahedral molecular geometry, which has point group (O h). The Os–F bond length is 1.827 Å. [25] Partial hydrolysis of OsF 6 produces OsOF 4. [26]