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Sputnik 1 (/ ˈ s p ʌ t n ɪ k, ˈ s p ʊ t n ɪ k /, Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program .
Fifty-eight years ago today on October 4, 1957, Sputnik was launched into orbit by the Soviet Union.
Mars 1, also known as 1962 Beta Nu 1, Mars 2MV-4 and Sputnik 23, was an automatic interplanetary station launched in the direction of Mars on November 1, 1962, [3] [4] the first of the Soviet Mars probe program, with the intent of flying by the planet at a distance of about 11,000 km (6,800 mi).
Sputnik 1. Sputnik (Спутник, Russian for "satellite" [1]) is a name for multiple spacecraft launched under the Soviet space program."Sputnik 1", "Sputnik 2" and "Sputnik 3" were the official Soviet names of those objects, and the remaining designations in the series ("Sputnik 4" and so on) were not official names but names applied in the West to objects whose original Soviet names may ...
First solar probe. USA (NASA) Pioneer 5: 19 August 1960: First plants and animals to return alive from Earth orbit. USSR Sputnik 5: 25 September 1960 First rocket engine fired in space. USA (NASA) Pioneer P-30 [13] 31 January 1961: First hominidae in space (chimpanzee Ham). First tasks performed in space. USA (NASA) M-R 2: 12 February 1961
Mars probe attempting to study the surface and atmosphere of Mars during close flybys to establish a basis for further investigations. [18] March 27 US: Mariner 7 Atlas SLV-3D Agena-D1A: Mars Success Mars probe attempting to study the surface and atmosphere of Mars during close flybys to establish a basis for further investigations. [19] November 8
Kosmos 8, also known as Sputnik 18, was launched on 18 August 1962 at 05:02:00 GMT from Kapustin Yar. Orbital mass 337 kg. It was a Soviet DS (Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik) type military satellite built in Ukraine for launch by Kosmos launch vehicles. It was used for military and scientific research and component proving tests.