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Anomalocaris ("unlike other shrimp", or "abnormal shrimp") is an extinct genus of radiodont, an order of early-diverging stem-group marine arthropods.. It is best known from the type species A. canadensis, found in the Stephen Formation (particularly the Burgess Shale) of British Columbia, Canada.
Subsequently, it was recognized that Anomalocaris was a distinct form from the other two, resulting in a split into two genera, the latter of which was variously named Laggania and Peytoia until it was determined that both represent the same species and Peytoia had priority. [23]
Anomalocarididae [1] (occasionally mis-spelt Anomalocaridae [2]) is an extinct family of Cambrian radiodonts, a group of stem-group arthropods. [3] [4]Around 1990s and early 2010s, Anomalocarididae included all radiodont species, hence the previous equivalent of the common name "anomalocaridid" to the whole Radiodonta. [5]
Schinderhannes bartelsi is a species of hurdiid radiodont (anomalocaridid), known from one specimen from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slates.Its discovery was astonishing because the latest definitive radiodonts were known only from the Early Ordovician, [1] at least 66 million years earlier than this taxon.
The type species L. lupata has smaller, triangular endites, closely resembling those of Anomalocaris. [1] The other species L. pennsylvanica (formerly described as a species of Anomalocaris [2]) has larger and more rectangular endites, with those on odd-numbered podomeres being smaller. [1]
A. symbrachiata is previously named as a species of Anomalocaris, Anomalocaris trispinata in 1992, before description of A. symbrachiata. [2] Some studies considered that name Amplectobelua trispinata should be used instead of A. symbrachiata. [6] [7]
Echidnacaris briggsi is an extinct species of radiodont known from the Cambrian Stage 4 aged Emu Bay Shale of Australia. Formerly referred to as "Anomalocaris" briggsi, it was placed in the new monotypic genus Echidnacaris in 2023. [1] It is only distantly related to true Anomalocaris, and is instead placed in the family Tamisiocarididae. [2]
The Emu Bay Shale of Kangaroo Island, South Australia, is Australia's only known Burgess-Shale-type Konservat-Lagerstätte, and includes faunal elements such as Anomalocaris, Tuzoia, Isoxys, and Wronascolex, in common with other Burgess-Shale-type assemblages, notably the Chengjiang Biota in China, the closest palaeogeographically, although somewhat older.