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Numerical Recipes is the generic title of a series of books on algorithms and numerical analysis by William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling and Brian P. Flannery. In various editions, the books have been in print since 1986. The most recent edition was published in 2007.
MATLAB (an abbreviation of "MATrix LABoratory" [18]) is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks.MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages.
APL (named after the book A Programming Language) [3] is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson. Its central datatype is the multidimensional array . It uses a large range of special graphic symbols [ 4 ] to represent most functions and operators, leading to very concise code.
GNU Octave is a scientific programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation.Octave helps in solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible with MATLAB.
The library routines would also be better than average implementations; matrix algorithms, for example, might use full pivoting to get better numerical accuracy. The library routines would also have more efficient routines. For example, a library may include a program to solve a matrix that is upper triangular.
FOSS statistics program, intended as an alternative to IBM SPSS Statistics. [Note 2] R: R Foundation 1997 1997 4.3.2 31 October 2023: Free GPL: Primarily for statistics, but there are many interfaces to open-source numerical software SageMath: William Stein: 2005 10.2 3 December 2023: Free GPL: Programmable, includes computer algebra, 2D+3D ...
The more the data, the more the coding effort. (Sometimes, the coding can be done through software, but somebody must often write a custom, one-off program to do so, and the program's output must be tested for accuracy, in terms of false positive and false negative results.)
The book introduces the concept of a design recipe, a six-step process for creating programs from a problem statement. While the book was originally used along with the education project TeachScheme! (renamed ProgramByDesign), it has been adopted at many colleges and universities for teaching program design principles.