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Scottish Gaelic (/ ˈ ɡ æ l ɪ k /, GAL-ik; endonym: Gàidhlig [ˈkaːlɪkʲ] ⓘ), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland.
Irish (Standard Irish: Gaeilge), also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic (/ ˈ ɡ eɪ l ɪ k / ⓘ GAY-lik), [3] [4] [5] is a Celtic language of the Indo-European language family. [4] [6] [7] [8] [3] It is a member of the Goidelic languages of the Insular Celtic sub branch of the family and is indigenous to the island of Ireland. [9]
Gaelic, by itself, is sometimes used to refer to Scottish Gaelic, especially in Scotland, and therefore is ambiguous.Irish and Manx are sometimes referred to as Irish Gaelic and Manx Gaelic (as they are Goidelic or Gaelic languages), but the use of the word Gaelic is unnecessary because the terms Irish and Manx, when used to denote languages, always refer to those languages.
The two comparatively "major" Gaelic nations in the modern era are Ireland (which had 71,968 "daily" Irish speakers and 1,873,997 people claiming "some ability of Irish", as of the 2022 census) [1] and Scotland (58,552 fluent "Gaelic speakers" and 92,400 with "some Gaelic language ability" in the 2001 census). [56]
Some Irish-language names have English equivalents, both deriving from a common source, e.g. Irish Máire (anglicised Maura), Máirín (Máire + - ín "a diminutive suffix"; anglicised Maureen) and English Mary all derive from French: Marie, which ultimately derives from Hebrew: מַרְיָם (maryām).
Gaelic languages or Goidelic languages, a linguistic group that is one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic languages, including: Primitive Gaelic or Archaic Gaelic, the oldest known form of the Gaelic languages; Old Gaelic or Old Irish, used c. AD 600–900; Middle Gaelic or Middle Irish, used c. AD 900–1200; Irish Gaelic (Gaeilge ...