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Freedmen in ancient Rome existed as a distinct social class (liberti or libertini), with former slaves granted freedom and rights through the legal process of manumission. The Roman practice of slavery utilized slaves for both production and domestic labour, overseen by their wealthy masters. Urban and domestic slaves especially could achieve ...
Roman mosaic from Dougga, Tunisia (2nd/3rd century AD): Two large slaves carrying wine jars each wear an amulet against the evil eye on a necklace, with one in a loincloth (left) and the other in an exomis; [1] the young slave to the left carries water and towels, and the one on the right a bough and a basket of flowers.
In 748, Venetian slave traders were noted to buy slaves in Rome. [7] Trade in Christian slaves from Western Europe was however deeply disliked by the Catholic church and was stopped early on. In 840, Venice signed a pact with other Italian cities to return fugitive slaves, and to not seize Christians to be sold as slaves. [8]
Although the slave's peculium is best known from ancient Rome, the concept that even a slave could gradually acquire property, including slaves of his/her own, occurs spontaneously in other societies. For example, in Brazil and West Africa it seems that it was evolved by the slaves themselves, often as an emancipation strategy, rarely being ...
With Rome's great military victories, vast numbers of slaves were imported into Italy. [28] Significant mineral wealth was distributed unevenly to the population; the city of Rome itself expanded considerably in opulence and size; the freeing of slaves brought to Italy by conquest massively expanded the number of urban and rural poor. [29]
Eunus' revolt was the first mass slave uprising in the Roman Republic, and, according to ancient sources, the largest of its kind in antiquity. [5] [61] Eunus' revolt inspired slave uprisings in Rome and Italy, which later slave leaders, including Spartacus in the Third Servile War, were unable to replicate. [62]
To varying degrees throughout Roman history, the existence of a pool of inexpensive labor in the form of slaves was an important factor in the economy.Slaves were acquired for the Roman workforce through a variety of means, including purchase from foreign merchants and the enslavement of foreign populations through military conquest. [1]
Portraits of Sulla (right) and Pompeius Rufus (left), the two consuls who led the march, on a denarius minted by their grandson in 54 BC. [1]The March on Rome of 88 BC was a coup d'état by the consul of the Roman Republic Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who seized power against his enemies Marius and Sulpicius, after they had ousted him from Rome.