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Thyrotoxicosis is a rare side effect in dogs receiving levothyroxine treatment due to the half-life and poor absorption. Thyrotoxicosis occurs when a dog is either given too much levothyroxine or has issues with metabolising it. Symptoms include: polypynoea, anxiety, tachycardia, aggression, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and cachexia. [2]
Thyroxine, also known as T 4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland.It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3). [1]
For older people (over 50 years old) and people with known or suspected ischemic heart disease, levothyroxine therapy should not be initiated at the full replacement dose. [24] Since thyroid hormone increases the heart's oxygen demand by increasing heart rate and contractility, starting at higher doses may cause an acute coronary syndrome or an ...
Blood free thyroxine and TSH levels are monitored to help determine whether the dose is adequate. This is done 4–8 weeks after the start of treatment or a change in levothyroxine dose. Once the adequate replacement dose has been established, the tests can be repeated after 6 and then 12 months, unless there is a change in symptoms. [8]
Liothyronine may be used when there is an impaired conversion of T 4 to T 3 in peripheral tissues. [2] The dose of liothyronine for hypothyroidism is a lower amount than levothyroxine due it being a higher concentrated synthetic medication. [2]
Levothyroxine sodium has a sodium salt added to increase the gastrointestinal absorption of levothyroxine. [73] Levothyroxine has the benefits of a long half-life [ 23 ] leading to stable thyroid hormone levels, [ 74 ] ease of monitoring , [ 74 ] excellent safety [ 74 ] [ 75 ] and efficacy record, [ 68 ] and usefulness in pregnancy as it can ...