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The surgical mesh is placed transvaginally to reconstruct weakened pelvic muscle walls and to support the urethra or bladder. [1] [2] A number of mesh materials with varying absorbability has been explored to maximise the biocompatibility as well as the repair efficacy of mesh. Depending on the target vaginal space, the application of ...
It is the surgical intervention for both cystocele (protrusion of the urinary bladder into the vagina) and rectocele (protrusion of the rectum into the vagina). [citation needed] The repair may be to either or both of the anterior (front) or posterior (rear) vaginal walls, thus the origin of some of its alternative names. [1] [2] [3]
Prolapse can occur at a different site in the vagina. Further surgery after the initial repair can be to treat complications of mesh displacement, pain, or bleeding. Further surgery may be needed to treat incontinence. [13] One goal of surgical treatment is to restore the vagina and other pelvic organs to their anatomically normal positions.
Surgical mesh is a medical implant made of loosely woven mesh, which is used in surgery as either a permanent or temporary structural support for organs and other tissues. Surgical mesh can be made from both inorganic and biological materials and is used in a variety of surgeries, although hernia repair is the most common application.
In 2020 another systematic review compared the use of synthetic mesh and biologic mesh in ventral mesh rectopexy for external rectal prolapse or symptomatic internal rectal prolapse. [20] The review included 32 studies containing a total of 4001 cases where synthetic mesh was used and 762 where biologic mesh was used.
Transvaginal mesh (TVM) has a greater risk of bladder injury and of needing repeat surgery for stress urinary incontinence or mesh exposure. [17] The use of a TVM in treating vaginal prolapses is associated with severe side effects including organ perforation, infection, and pain. Safety and efficacy of many newer meshes is unknown. [16]