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Squalene is an organic compound. It is a triterpene with the formula C 30 H 50. It is a colourless oil, although impure samples appear yellow. It was originally obtained from shark liver oil (hence its name, as Squalus is a genus of sharks). An estimated 12% of bodily squalene in humans is found in sebum. [5]
Squalene synthase (SQS) or farnesyl-diphosphate:farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyl transferase is an enzyme localized to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum.SQS participates in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway, catalyzing a two-step reaction in which two identical molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) are converted into squalene, with the consumption of NADPH. [2]
6713 20775 Ensembl ENSG00000104549 ENSMUSG00000022351 UniProt Q14534 P52019 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003129 NM_009270 RefSeq (protein) NP_003120 NP_033296 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 125 – 125.02 Mb Chr 15: 59.19 – 59.2 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Squalene monooxygenase (also called squalene epoxidase) is a eukaryotic enzyme that uses NADPH and diatomic oxygen to oxidize ...
Sebum is secreted by the sebaceous gland in humans. It is primarily composed of triglycerides (≈41%), wax esters (≈26%), squalene (≈12%), and free fatty acids (≈16%). [7] [14] The composition of sebum varies across species. [14] Wax esters and squalene are unique to sebum and not produced as final products anywhere else in the body. [5]
Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... of farnesyl diphosphate in a two-step reaction to form squalene. ...
Steroids feature a cucurbitane core, although in practice they are biosynthesised from either lanosterol (animals and fungi) or cycloartenol (plants) via the cyclization of squalene. Steroids have two principal biological functions, being either key components of cell membranes or signaling molecules that activate steroid hormone receptors.
No, this isn't an article written for (or by) squirrels – humans can actually eat acorns under certain circumstances. The nuts stem from oak trees, and can actually elicit a mild, nutty flavor.
Some bacteria are known to alternatively possess a set of three genes to biosynthesize squalene (HpnCDE). [5] HpnC and HpnD are homologous to each other and seem to have co-evolved in HpnCDE-containing species, together with HpnE. HpnCD are further homologous to SQS and PSY and thus are members of the squalene/phytoene synthase family.