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Pinus ponderosa, commonly known as the ponderosa pine, [3] bull pine, blackjack pine, [4] western yellow-pine, [5] or filipinus pine, [6] is a very large pine tree species of variable habitat native to mountainous regions of western North America. It is the most widely distributed pine species in North America. [7]: 4
Ponderosa pine forest is the largest western forest type in the United States. [2] Ponderosa pine is the principal species on over 110,000 km 2 (27,000,000 acres) and is present on an additional 55,000 km 2 (14,000,000 acres).
The Rocky Mountain ponderosa pine forest is a plant community at an elevation of 2,000–2,700 metres (6,600–8,900 ft) in the Rocky Mountains. [1] [2]: 89 It is an important temperate coniferous forest ecoregion, including some endemic wildlife and grass species that are only found in this ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) habitat.
Jeffrey pine wood and ponderosa pine wood are sold together as yellow pine. [6] Both kinds of wood are hard (with a Janka hardness of 550 lbf (2,400 N)), but the western yellow pine wood is less dense than southern yellow pine wood (28 lb/cu ft (0.45 g/cm 3 ) versus 35 lb/cu ft (0.56 g/cm 3 ) for shortleaf pine).
The Willamette Valley ponderosa variant only grows on the valley floor, unlike the Douglas-fir, which grows on hillsides, and the wood is softer and easier to mill than the native hardwoods. [1] Because of this, when early settlers used wood from the trees to build homes and cleared land for agriculture, the population was "decimated". [ 1 ]
Pinus, the pines, is a genus of approximately 111 extant tree and shrub species. ... Pinus ponderosa var. willamettensis - Willamette Valley Ponderosa Pine;
For example, in the Mountain West, the fire cycle was every five to 30 years for ponderosa pine forests, typically found at 5,500-7,500 feet of elevation. The cycles may be longer or shorter ...
Mature Pinus pinea (stone pine); note umbrella-shaped canopy: Pollen cones of Pinus pinea (stone pine) A red pine (Pinus resinosa) with exposed roots: Young spring growth ("candles") on a loblolly pine: Monterey pine bark: Monterey pine cone on forest floor: Whitebark pine in the Sierra Nevada: Hartweg's pine forest in Mexico