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The modern church's views regarding torture have changed drastically, largely reverting to the earlier stance. In 1953, in an address to the 6th International Congress of Penal Law, Pope Pius XII approvingly reiterated the position of Pope Nicholas the Great over a thousand years before him, when his predecessor had unilaterally opposed the use ...
Christian tradition from the New Testament have come to a range of conclusions about the permissibility and social value of capital punishment. [14] While some Christians hold the view that a strict reading of certain texts [ 15 ] forbids executions, other Christians point to various verses in the New Testament which seem to endorse the ...
Defense against the criminal – Capital punishment is an effective way of preventing the wrongdoer from committing future crimes and protecting society from him. Deterrence – Executions may create a sense of horror that would prevent others from being tempted to commit similar crimes. Retribution – Guilt calls for punishment. The graver ...
Capital punishment in the Bible refers to instances in the Bible where death is called for as a punishment and also instances where it is proscribed or prohibited. A case against capital punishment can be made from John 8, where Jesus speaks words that can be construed as condemning the practice. [ 1 ]
The early Christian perspectives on slavery were formed in the contexts of Christianity's roots in Judaism, and they were also shaped by the wider culture of the Roman Empire. Both the Old and New Testaments recognize the existence of the institution of slavery. The earliest surviving Christian teachings about slavery are from Paul the Apostle.
Penal substitution, also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, [1] [2] is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian theology, which declares that Christ, voluntarily submitting to God the Father's plan, was punished (penalized) in the place of (substitution) sinners, thus satisfying the demands of justice and propitiation, so God ...
Christian views on masturbation are derived from the teachings of the Bible and the Church Fathers. Christian denominations have varying positions on masturbation , with some denominations viewing it as sinful and other churches viewing it as a healthy expression of God-given human sexuality.
In her massive 2013 monograph The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis, A Critical Assessment from the New Testament to Eriugena, Ilaria L.E. Ramelli argues that apokatastasis (restoration) is a major patristic doctrine stemming from Greek philosophy and Jewish-Christian Scriptures. She makes the case for its presence and Christological and ...