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A frog's ear drum works in very much the same way as does a human eardrum. It is a membrane that is stretched across a ring of cartilage like a snare drum that vibrates. Crossing the middle ear chamber there is an ossicle called the columella that is connected to the tympanum, and another ossicle, the operculum, that connects this to the oval ...
Odorrana graminea males have a non-recessed tympanic membrane. [13] This is contrary to previous theories that recessed tympana specifically enable perception of high-frequency sounds (recessed tympanic membranes are exhibited in both other species of ultrasonic-communicating frogs: Odorrana tormota , Huia cavitympanum ). [ 23 ]
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the ...
Tympanal organ on the tibia of the katydid Zabalius aridus Tympanal organ of two species of moths, ventral view of abdomen (Tineidae and Pyralidae). A tympanal organ (or tympanic organ) is a hearing organ in insects, consisting of a tympanal membrane stretched across a frame backed by an air sac and associated sensory neurons. [1]
In birds, the columella is anchored to the conical tympanic membrane at an acute angle, rather than a 90-degree angle relative to the plane of the tympanic membrane. This is thought to provide a lever advantage in conducting airborne sound from the distal to the proximal end of the columella. [6]
The utricle and saccule are part of the balancing system (membranous labyrinth) in the vestibule of the bony labyrinth (small oval chamber). [1] They use small stones and a viscous fluid to stimulate hair cells to detect motion and orientation. The utricle detects linear accelerations and head-tilts in the horizontal plane.
Auditory ossicles from a deep dissection of the tympanic cavity. Sound waves travel through the ear canal and hit the tympanic membrane, or eardrum. This wave information travels across the air-filled middle ear cavity via a series of delicate bones: the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil) and stapes (stirrup).
The petrotympanic fissure opens just above and in front of the ring of bone into which the tympanic membrane is inserted; in this situation it is a mere slit about 2 mm. in length. It lodges the anterior process and anterior ligament of the malleus, and gives passage to the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary artery. The iter ...