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Young female cone Pinus sylvestris forest in Sierra de Guadarrama, central Spain. Pinus sylvestris is an evergreen coniferous tree growing up to 35 metres (115 feet) in height [4] and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in trunk diameter when mature, [5] exceptionally over 45 m (148 ft) tall and 1.7 m (5 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) in trunk diameter on very productive sites.
In graph theory, a partial k-tree is a type of graph, defined either as a subgraph of a k-tree or as a graph with treewidth at most k. [1] Many NP-hard combinatorial problems on graphs are solvable in polynomial time when restricted to the partial k -trees, for bounded values of k .
The Goldner–Harary graph, an example of a planar 3-tree.. In graph theory, a k-tree is an undirected graph formed by starting with a (k + 1)-vertex complete graph and then repeatedly adding vertices in such a way that each added vertex v has exactly k neighbors U such that, together, the k + 1 vertices formed by v and U form a clique.
It is a deciduous tree growing to 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) tall (rarely to 27 m), with a slender crown and a trunk up to 70 cm (28 in) (exceptionally 1 m) in diameter, with smooth but dull grey-white bark finely marked with dark horizontal lenticels. The shoots are grey-brown with fine downy.
Krummholz Pinus albicaulis in Wenatchee National Forest Wind-sculpted krummholz trees, Ona Beach, Oregon. Krummholz (German: krumm, "crooked, bent, twisted" and Holz, "wood") — also called knieholz ("knee timber") — is a type of stunted, deformed vegetation encountered in the subarctic and subalpine tree line landscapes, shaped by continual exposure to fierce, freezing winds.
The leaves are simple and palmately veined, 8–16 cm (3 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long and 6–12 cm (2 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 4 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) broad, with deep angular notches between the five lobes. The 5–12 cm (2– 4 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) long, slender stalks of the leaves mean that even a light breeze can produce a striking effect as the downy silver ...
The leaf is usually slightly notched at the tip. The cones are 9–17 cm (3.5–6.7 in) long and 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) broad, with about 150-200 scales, each scale with an exserted bract and two winged seeds; they disintegrate when mature to release the seeds. [4] The wood is white, leading to the species name alba. [5]
A BK-tree is a metric tree suggested by Walter Austin Burkhard and Robert M. Keller specifically adapted to discrete metric spaces.For simplicity, consider integer discrete metric (,).