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The River Nile in the Post-Colonial Age: Conflict and Cooperation Among the Nile Basin Countries (I.B. Tauris, 2010) 293 pages; studies of the river's finite resources as shared by multiple nations in the post-colonial era; includes research by scholars from Burundi, Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Lake Kivu empties into the Ruzizi River, which flows southwards into Lake Tanganyika. [4] In 1894, German officer and colonial ruler Gustav Adolf von Götzen was the first recorded European to visit the lake. Kivu lake shoreline at Gisenyi, Rwanda. In the past, Lake Kivu drained toward the north, contributing to the White Nile.
The Basin is the main supplier of fresh water, electricity, and fish for the local residents of these countries, supporting about 270 million inhabitants, or 20% of the African population. The basin rises in the highlands and flows in extremely arid regions, in particular the Sahara Desert. [3]
Treaties have resulted in inequitable rights to the use of Nile water between the countries of the Nile Basin. April 15, 1891 – Article III of the Anglo-Italian Protocol. Article III states that "the Italian government engages not to construct on the Atbara River, in view of irrigation, any work which might sensibly modify its flow into the ...
The Blue Nile [note 1] is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia.It travels for approximately 1,450 km (900 mi) through Ethiopia and Sudan.Along with the White Nile, it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile and supplies about 85.6% of the water to the Nile during the rainy season.
The river then flows northwest through Uganda to Lake Kyoga in the centre of the country, thence west to Lake Albert. At Karuma Falls , the river flows under Karuma Bridge ( 2°14′45.40″N 32°15′9.05″E / 2.2459444°N 32.2525139°E / 2.2459444; 32.2525139 ) at the southeastern corner of Murchison Falls National
the Umbelasha River flows to the North East into the Nile, through the Bahr al-Arab and the Bahr el Ghazal River. the Kotto River flows to the South into the Congo River, through the Ubangi River. the Yata River flows to the North West into Lake Chad, through the Bahr Oulou, the Bahr Aouk River and the Chari River.
The Upper Nile plant is the Egyptian lotus, and the Lower Nile plant is the Papyrus Sedge (Cyperus papyrus), although it is not nearly as plentiful as it once was, and is becoming quite rare. [ 20 ] Several hundred thousand water birds spend their winter in the delta, including the world's largest concentrations of little gulls and whiskered ...