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4nec2 - A free NEC2/NEC4 implementation for Microsoft Windows. It is a tool for designing 2D and 3D antennas and modeling their near-field/far-field radiation patterns. Numerical Electromagnetics Code NEC2 unofficial home page - NEC2 documentation and code examples; MMANA-GAL basic - A free antenna modeling program based on MININEC. Opens .MAA ...
Yet the Yagi's higher gain compared to the LPDA makes it the best for fringe reception, and complicated Yagi designs and combination with other antenna technologies have been developed to permit its operation over the broad television bands. The Yagi–Uda antenna was named an IEEE Milestone in 1995. [10]
The addition of parasitic elements gives a diminishing improvement in the antenna's gain. [2] Adding a reflector to a dipole, to make a 2 element Yagi, increases the gain by about 5 dB over the dipole. Adding a director to this, to give a 3 element Yagi, gives a gain of about 7 dB over a dipole.
Since it is constructed from dipoles, often its antenna gain is expressed in dB d, but listed only as dB. This ambiguity is undesirable with respect to engineering specifications. A Yagi–Uda antenna's maximum directivity is 8.77 dB d = 10.92 dB i. Its gain necessarily must be less than this by the factor η, which must be negative in units of dB.
Patch antenna gain pattern. A directional antenna or beam antenna is an antenna which radiates or receives greater radio wave power in specific directions. Directional antennas can radiate radio waves in beams, when greater concentration of radiation in a certain direction is desired, or in receiving antennas receive radio waves from one specific direction only.
A turnstile antenna, or crossed-dipole antenna, [1] is a radio antenna consisting of a set of two identical dipole antennas mounted at right angles to each other and fed in phase quadrature; the two currents applied to the dipoles are 90° out of phase. [2] [3] The name reflects the notion the antenna looks like a turnstile when mounted ...
Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by antenna directivity (D) which is expressed mathematically as: =.
When considering an antenna's directional pattern, gain with respect to a dipole does not imply a comparison of that antenna's gain in each direction to a dipole's gain in that direction. Rather, it is a comparison between the antenna's gain in each direction to the peak gain of the dipole (1.64). In any direction, therefore, such numbers are 2 ...