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Abdominal trauma is an injury to the abdomen. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, rigidity, and bruising of the external abdomen. Complications may include blood loss and infection. Diagnosis may involve ultrasonography, computed tomography, and peritoneal lavage, and treatment may involve surgery. [1]
Gastrointestinal perforation results in sudden, severe abdominal pain at the site of perforation, which then spreads across the abdomen. [5] The pain is intensified by movement. Nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, and increased heart rate are common early symptoms. Later symptoms include fever and or chills. [6]
Penetrating trauma is an open wound injury that occurs when an object pierces the skin and enters a tissue of the body, creating a deep but relatively narrow entry wound.In contrast, a blunt or non-penetrating trauma may have some deep damage, but the overlying skin is not necessarily broken and the wound is still closed to the outside environment.
The treatment and prognosis of splenic injuries are dependent on cardiovascular stability. [28] The gallbladder is rarely injured in blunt trauma, occurring in about 2% of blunt abdominal trauma cases. Injuries to the gallbladder are typically associated with injuries to other abdominal organs. [29]
Peritonitis is inflammation of the localized or generalized peritoneum, the lining of the inner wall of the abdomen and cover of the abdominal organs. [2] Symptoms may include severe pain, swelling of the abdomen, fever, or weight loss. [2] [3] One part or the entire abdomen may be tender. [1]
Penetrating trauma; Blunt trauma, most commonly injuries to solid organs such as the liver and spleen. [1] Vascular accidents, such as rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, iliac aneurysm, or splenic aneurysm. Bleeding due to a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or uterine rupture. Rupture of corpus luteum in some cases.
In the United States, most deaths caused by penetrating trauma occur in urban areas and 80% of these deaths are caused by firearms. [14] Blast injury is a complex cause of trauma because it commonly includes both blunt and penetrating trauma, and also may be accompanied by a burn injury.
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases.