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Like several other oxalates, sodium oxalate is toxic to humans. It can cause burning pain in the mouth, throat and stomach, bloody vomiting, headache, muscle cramps, cramps and convulsions, drop in blood pressure, heart failure, shock, coma, and possible death.
Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C 2 O 2− 4. This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na 2 C 2 O 4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH 3) 2 C 2 O 4). It is a conjugate base of oxalic acid.
Hyperoxaluria is an excessive urinary excretion of oxalate. Individuals with hyperoxaluria often have calcium oxalate kidney stones. It is sometimes called Bird's disease, after Golding Bird, who first described the condition.
Oxalate. The buildup of oxalate in the body causes increased renal excretion of oxalate (hyperoxaluria), which in turn results in kidney and bladder stones.Stones cause urinary obstruction (often with severe and acute pain), secondary infection of urine and eventually kidney damage. [2]
Oxalic acid binds with calcium to form calcium oxalate crystals which may deposit and cause damage to many areas of the body including the brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs. [7] The most significant effect is accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys which causes kidney damage leading to oliguric or anuric acute kidney failure. [7]
While food poisoning can happen to anyone, this is one dinner table staple you shouldn't mess with.
The toxicity of oxalic acid is due to kidney failure caused by precipitation of solid calcium oxalate. [67] Oxalate is known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction. [68] Ingestion of ethylene glycol results in oxalic acid as a metabolite which can also cause acute kidney failure.
Calcium oxalate is a combination of calcium ions and the conjugate base of oxalic acid, the oxalate anion. Its aqueous solutions are slightly basic because of the basicity of the oxalate ion. The basicity of calcium oxalate is weaker than that of sodium oxalate, due to its lower solubility in water.