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Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C 2 O 2− 4. This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na 2 C 2 O 4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH 3) 2 C 2 O 4). It is a conjugate base of oxalic acid.
It occurs naturally in many foods. Excessive ingestion of oxalic acid or prolonged skin contact can be dangerous. Oxalic acid has much greater acid strength than acetic acid. It is a reducing agent [9] and its conjugate bases hydrogen oxalate (HC 2 O − 4) and oxalate (C 2 O 2− 4) are chelating agents for metal cations.
Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase is extremely important for the elimination of ingested oxalates found in human foodstuffs like coffee, tea, and chocolate, [2] and the ingestion of such foods in the absence of Oxalobacter formigenes in the gut can result in kidney disease or even death as a result of oxalate poisoning. [3]
Some of the oxalate in urine is produced by the body. Calcium and oxalate in the diet play a part but are not the only factors that affect the formation of calcium oxalate stones. Dietary oxalate is an organic ion found in many vegetables, fruits, and nuts. Calcium from bone may also play a role in kidney stone formation.
All parts of the plant are toxic, containing calcium oxalate, which induces irritation and swelling of the mouth and throat, acute vomiting and diarrhea. [216] Can be fatal. Zigadenus glaberrimus: sandbog death camas Melanthiaceae: All parts of Z. glaberrimus are toxic, due to the presence of alkaloids. This or related species have caused human ...
After spending more than 20 years fighting food poisoning lawsuits, there are some foods that Bill Marler simply doesn't eat. Food poisoning expert reveals 6 foods he refuses to eat Skip to main ...
[47] [48] [49] The toxic rhubarb leaves have been used in flavouring extracts, after the oxalic acid is removed by treatment with precipitated chalk (i.e., calcium carbonate). The LD 50 (median lethal dose) for pure oxalic acid in rats is about 375 mg/kg body weight , [ 50 ] or about 25 grams for a 65-kilogram (143 lb) human.
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