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Chlorhexidine [1] is a disinfectant and antiseptic with the molecular formula C 22 H 30 Cl 2 N 10, which is used for skin disinfection before surgery and to disinfect surgical instruments. [2] It is also used for cleaning wounds , preventing dental plaque , treating yeast infections of the mouth , and to keep urinary catheters from blocking. [ 3 ]
Germolene's active ingredients include phenol 1.2% (providing antiseptic, locally analgesic and antipruritic effects) and chlorhexidine digluconate 0.25%. The Germoloids line of Germolene products, intended for use on haemorrhoids, also includes zinc oxide, and the analgesic lidocaine hydrochloride. [6]
Chlorhexidine digluconate is a chemical antiseptic and is used in a 0.05–0.2% solution as a mouthwash. [54] [11] [45] [55] There is no evidence to support that higher concentrations are more effective in controlling dental plaque and gingivitis. [56]
Structure of chlorhexidine, a bisbiguanide antiseptic.. Bisbiguanides are a class of chemically related compounds known for their bactericidal properties. Generally considered to be of the generic formula: R 1 R 2 N.C(:NR 6)NH.C(:NH)NH.CH 2 X--(CH 2) 3 NH.C(:NH)NH.C(:NR 7)NR 3 R 4 V. [1] These compounds include the antiseptics chlorhexidine and alexidine.
Since 1989, the active substance chlorhexidine digluconate has been widely used in the treatment of gum disease. Over the years, a wide range of pharmaceutical products, including mouthwashes, sprays and gels, have been developed to provide effective short-term treatment for gingivitis .
Chlorhexidine digluconate discovered in 1954, a solution marketed by Hypermarcas under the name "Merthiolate" Benzalkonium chloride solution (Cloruro de benzalconio, tintura), distributed by Bayer de México under the name "merthiolate"