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The institution of marriage in ancient Rome was a strictly marital monogamy: under Roman law, a Roman citizen, whether male or female, could have only one spouse in marriage at a time but were allowed to divorce and remarry.
In Ancient Rome, diffarreatio (from Lat dif-+ farreum, a spelt-cake) [1] was a form of divorce in which a cake was used. Diffarreatio was properly the dissolving of marriages contracted by confarreatio, which were those of the pontifices. Festus says it was performed with a wheaten cake and that it was called diffarreatio from far, "wheat".
The Lex Papia et Poppaea, also referred to as the Lex Iulia et Papia, was a Roman law introduced in 9 AD to encourage and strengthen marriage. It included provisions against adultery and against celibacy after a certain age and complemented and supplemented Augustus ' Lex Iulia de maritandis ordinibus of 18 BC and the Lex Iulia de adulteriis ...
Ara Pacis showing the imperial family of Augustus Gold glass portrait of husband and wife (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Museo Sacro). The ancient Roman family was a complex social structure, based mainly on the nuclear family, but also included various combinations of other members, such as extended family members, household slaves, and freed slaves.
Relief showing a Roman marriage ceremony. Museo di Capodimonte. Manus (/ ˈ m eɪ n ə s / MAY-nəs; Latin:) was an Ancient Roman type of marriage, [1] of which there were two forms: cum manu and sine manu. [2] In a cum manu marriage, the wife was placed under the legal control of the husband.
Moya K. Mason, Ancient Roman Women: A Look at their Lives. Essay on the lives of Roman women. "Wife-beating in Ancient Rome": an article by Joy Connolly in the TLS, April 9, 2008 "An etext version of: Ferrero, Guglielmo. "Women and Marriage in Ancient Rome." The Women of the Caesars. The Century Co.; New York, 1911.
The laws of ancient Rome law, like the laws of ancient Athens law, profoundly disfavored women. [33] Roman citizenship was tiered, and women could hold a form of second-class citizenship with certain limited legal privileges and protections unavailable to non-citizens, freedmen, or slaves, but not on par with men.
Livia's image appears in ancient visual media such as coins and portraits. Following Fulvia and Octavia the Younger, she was the third woman to appear on provincial coins in 16 BC. On official Roman coinage, she was probably portrayed as Salus Augusta on the dupondius of Tiberius. [37]