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Meibomian glands (also called tarsal glands, palpebral glands, and tarsoconjunctival glands) are sebaceous glands along the rims of the eyelid inside the tarsal plate. They produce meibum , an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film .
A corneal ulcer in a cat. The cornea is a transparent structure that is part of the outer layer of the eye. It refracts light and protects the contents of the eye. The cornea is about one-half to one millimeter thick in the dog and cat. [1] The trigeminal nerve supplies the cornea via the long ciliary nerves.
The conjunctival inflammation is called "active trachoma" and is usually seen in children, especially those in preschool. It is characterized by white lumps in the undersurface of the upper eyelid (conjunctival follicles or lymphoid germinal centers) and by nonspecific inflammation and thickening, often associated with papillae.
Palpebral or tarsal conjunctiva Lines the eyelids Bulbar or ocular conjunctiva Covers the eyeball, over the anterior sclera: This region of the conjunctiva is tightly bound to the underlying sclera by Tenon's capsule and moves with the eyeball movements. The average thickness of the bulbar conjunctival membrane is 33 microns.
The plica semilunaris is a small fold of bulbar conjunctiva on the medial canthus of the eye.It functions during movement of the eye, to help maintain tear drainage via the lacrimal lake, and to permit greater rotation of the globe, for without the plica the conjunctiva would attach directly to the eyeball, restricting movement. [1]
"Innervation of the palpebral conjunctiva and the superior tarsal muscle in the cynomolgous monkey: a retrograde fluorescent tracing study". Journal of Anatomy. 189 ( Pt 2) (Pt 2): 285– 92. PMC 1167745. PMID 8886950. Putterman AM, Urist MJ (August 1975). "Müller muscle-conjunctiva resection. Technique for treatment of blepharoptosis".
Close-up of prolapsed gland in small breed dog. KCS is not common in dogs, affecting one per cent of the dog population. [9] KCS is a chronic degenerative conjunctivitis that can lead to impaired vision and blindness. [2] KCS has a wide array of causes including drug toxicity, cherry eye, previous surgery, trauma, and irradiation. [2]
The prevalence of S. aureus in the conjunctival sac and on the lid margin varies among countries, likely due to differences in climate and environment. [14] Seborrheic blepharitis is characterized by less inflammation than Staphylococcal blepharitis; however, it causes more excess oil or greasy scaling.