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A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [1] During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was an important contributor to the global cultural scene, innovating and supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.
Islam's significance in Germany has largely increased [3] after the labour migration in the 1960s and several waves of political refugees since the 1970s.. According to a representative survey, it is estimated that in 2019, there were 5.3–5.6 million Muslims with a migrant background [a] in Germany (6.4–6.7% of the population), in addition to an unknown number of Muslims without a migrant ...
The Muslim population in Europe is extremely diverse with varied histories and origins. [4] [5] [6] Today, the Muslim-majority regions of Europe include several countries in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and the European part of Turkey), some Russian republics in the North Caucasus and the Idel-Ural region, and the European part of Kazakhstan.
Learned Muslim captives played a very important role in the spread of Arabic science and philosophy over the Christian world. [22] The liberation of Muslim slaves was a state affair and elevated the popular esteem of the sovereign government. Muslim slaves were either freed or exchanged through special legislation and international treaties. [23]
The Muslim Discovery of Europe is a non-fiction book by Bernard Lewis, published by W.W. Norton & Co. in 1982. The scope of the work goes from Early Muslim conquests in the continent up to the latter part of the 1700s..
Delegates from Germany's anti-immigration party on Sunday backed an election manifesto that says Islam is not compatible with the country's constitution. Anti-immigrant AfD says Muslims not ...
On War Against the Turk (German: Vom Kriege wider die Türken) was a book written by Martin Luther in 1528 and published in 1529. [1] It was one of several pamphlets and sermons by Martin Luther about Islam and resistance to the Ottoman Empire, during the critical period of territorial expansion of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, marked by the capture of Buda in 1526 and the siege of Vienna in 1529.
The term Muslim Europe is used for the predominantly Muslim countries of Europe, including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey, Kosovo, and Azerbaijan.As well as Muslim majority regions in Europe, including western parts of North Macedonia, Sandžak region within Serbia and Montenegro, Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria, [1] and many Muslim majority republics within Russia such as Kabardino ...