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Nortriptyline is an active metabolite of amitriptyline by demethylation in the liver. Chemically, it is a secondary amine dibenzocycloheptene and pharmacologically it is classed as a first-generation antidepressant. [36] Nortriptyline may also have a sleep-improving effect due to antagonism of the H 1 and 5-HT 2A receptors. [37]
Nortriptyline reaches 10% higher level in the blood plasma than the parent drug amitriptyline and 40% greater area under the curve, and its action is an important part of the overall action of amitriptyline. [5] [9] Another active metabolite is (E)-10-hydroxynortriptyline, which is a norepinephrine uptake inhibitor four times weaker than ...
The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. It does not include any risks conferred by pharmaceutical agents or their metabolites in breast milk. Every drug has specific information listed in its product literature.
It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [8] It was first made by Union Chimique Belge in 1956 and was approved for sale by Pfizer in the United States later that year. [8] [10] In 2022, it was the 46th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13 million prescriptions. [11] [12]
Prucalopride is contraindicated where there is hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients, renal impairment requiring dialysis, intestinal perforation or obstruction due to structural or functional disorder of the gut wall, obstructive ileus, severe inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract, such as Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon ...
Thioridazine (Mellaril or Melleril) is a first generation antipsychotic drug belonging to the phenothiazine drug group and was previously widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis.
Metoclopramide has long been used in all stages of pregnancy with no evidence of harm to the mother or foetus. [23] A large cohort study of babies born to Israeli women exposed to metoclopramide during pregnancy found no evidence that the drug increases the risk of congenital malformations , low birth weight , preterm birth , or perinatal ...
The FDA pregnancy classification is removed from this infobox, and does not show any more. By FDA, it is replaced by the Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR) of December 2014. The PLLR is descriptive, and not suitable for this infobox.