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The first HDD [11] had an average seek time of about 600 ms. [12] and by the middle 1970s, HDDs were available with seek times of about 25 ms. [13]Some early PC drives used a stepper motor to move the heads, and as a result had seek times as slow as 80–120 ms, but this was quickly improved by voice coil type actuation in the 1980s, reducing seek times to around 20 ms.
The capacity of hard drives has grown exponentially over time. When hard drives became available for personal computers, they offered 5-megabyte capacity. During the mid-1990s the typical hard disk drive for a PC had a capacity in the range of 500 megabyte to 1 gigabyte. [6] As of February 2025 hard disk drives up to 36 TB were available. [7]
In 2018, the largest hard drive had a capacity of 15 TB, while the largest capacity SSD had a capacity of 100 TB. [38] As of 2018 [update] , HDDs were forecast to reach 100 TB capacities around 2025, [ 39 ] but as of 2019 [update] , the expected pace of improvement was pared back to 50 TB by 2026. [ 40 ]
Case in point: Samsung, which has developed the world largest hard drive, packing 16TB of storage in a 2.5-inch format. While the PM1633a (as it's currently named) could be considered an SSD ...
In 1993, Seagate released the first Barracuda drive, with the ST11950. The drive had a capacity of 2.03 GB (1.69 GB formatted), was available with FAST SCSI-2 (N/ND models) or WIDE SCSI-2 (W/WD models) interface, and was the first hard drive ever to have a spindle speed of 7200-RPM.
Western Digital said that the new drives are 35 percent faster than the previous generation. On September 12, 2008, Western Digital shipped a 500 GB 2.5-inch (64 mm) notebook hard drive which is part of their Scorpio Blue series of notebook hard drives. On January 27, 2009, Western Digital shipped the first 2 TB internal hard disk drive. [26]
Drives 9.5 mm high became an unofficial standard for all except the largest-capacity laptop drives (usually having two platters inside); 12.5 mm-high drives, typically with three platters, are used for maximum capacity, but will not fit most laptop computers.
For example, the highest capacity disk drive listed and plotted for 1981 is 26MB while the actual highest capacity HDD then offered was the IBM 3380 at 2,520 MB per disk drive (2 HDAs per disk drive box). By the late 90s high performance drives were readily available at retail. Tom94022 06:10, 25 March 2009 (UTC)