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Perfect information: A game has perfect information if it is a sequential game and every player knows the strategies chosen by the players who preceded them. Constant sum: A game is a constant sum game if the sum of the payoffs to every player are the same for every single set of strategies. In these games, one player gains if and only if ...
Separately, game theory has played a role in online algorithms; in particular, the k-server problem, which has in the past been referred to as games with moving costs and request-answer games. [125] Yao's principle is a game-theoretic technique for proving lower bounds on the computational complexity of randomized algorithms , especially online ...
In game theory a move by nature is a decision or move in an extensive form game made by a player who has no strategic interests in the outcome. The effect is to add a player, "Nature", whose practical role is to act as a random number generator .
In Game theory, the minimum effort game or weakest link game is a game in which each person decides how much effort to put in and is rewarded based on the least amount of effort anyone puts in. [1] It is assumed that the reward per unit of effort is greater than the cost per unit effort, otherwise there would be no reason to put in effort.
The computer scientist Victor Allis notes that typical games between experts last about 150 moves, with an average of about 250 choices per move, suggesting a game-tree complexity of 10 360. [12] For the number of theoretically possible games, including games impossible to play in practice, Tromp and Farnebäck give lower and upper bounds of 10 ...
Game theory is a branch of mathematics that uses models to study interactions with formalized incentive structures ("games"). It has applications in a variety of fields, including economics , evolutionary biology , political science , social psychology and military strategy .
The Grundy value or nim-value of any impartial game is the unique nimber that the game is equivalent to. In the case of a game whose positions are indexed by the natural numbers (like nim itself, which is indexed by its heap sizes), the sequence of nimbers for successive positions of the game is called the nim-sequence of the game.
Determined game (or Strictly determined game) In game theory, a strictly determined game is a two-player zero-sum game that has at least one Nash equilibrium with both players using pure strategies. [2] [3] Dictator A player is a strong dictator if he can guarantee any outcome regardless of the other players.