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In Al-Andalus (Andalusia), from the 8th to the 15th centuries, under Muslim rule, a degree of religious tolerance was granted to Christians and Jews. This part of history is known for its supposed religious tolerance, especially under the Umayyad Caliphate where many cultural and intellectual achievements were made.
The modern concept of religious tolerance developed out of the European wars of religion, more specifically out of the Peace of Westphalia which ended the 30 Years' War (1618–1648), during the Protestant Reformation and the ensuing conflicts between Protestants and Catholics in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
Political scientist Andrew R. Murphy explains that "We can improve our understanding by defining 'toleration' as a set of social or political practices and 'tolerance' as a set of attitudes." [ 1 ] Random House Dictionary defines tolerance as "a fair, objective, and permissive attitude toward those whose opinions, beliefs, practices, racial or ...
The Court investigated the history of religious freedom in the United States and quoted a letter from Thomas Jefferson in which he wrote that there was a distinction between religious belief and action that flowed from religious belief. The former "lies solely between man and his God," therefore "the legislative powers of the government reach ...
The cohesion of our national and local cultures suffer nowadays even at the individual level.
Montesquieu already wrote in 1721 about religious tolerance and a degree of separation between religion and government. [27] Voltaire defended some level of separation but ultimately subordinated the Church to the needs of the State [ 28 ] while Denis Diderot , for instance, was a partisan of a strict separation of Church and State, saying ...
This degree of diversity tolerated within a particular church is described as ecclesiastical tolerance, [47] and is one form of religious toleration. However, when people nowadays speak of religious tolerance, they most often mean civil tolerance, which refers to the degree of religious diversity that is tolerated within the state.
Religious tolerance in India: A legacy of the past and a promise for the future. Ancient Jews fleeing from persecution in their homeland 2,500 years ago settled in modern-day India and never faced anti-Semitism. [22] Freedom of religion edicts have been found written during Ashoka the Great's reign in the 3rd century BC. Freedom to practise ...