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Fluconazole was patented in 1981 and came into commercial use in 1988. [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8] Fluconazole is available as a generic medication. [5] In 2022, it was the 160th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. [9] [10]
Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any species of the genus Candida (a yeast). [4] When it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. [3] Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. [3]
The three main causes are infections, specifically bacterial vaginosis, vaginal yeast infection, and trichomoniasis. [2] Other causes include allergies to substances such as spermicides or soaps or as a result of low estrogen levels during breast-feeding or after menopause. [2] More than one cause may exist at a time. [2] The common causes vary ...
Vaginal yeast infections are due to excessive growth of Candida. [1] These yeast are normally present in the vagina in small numbers. [1] Vaginal yeast infections are typically caused by the yeast species Candida albicans. Candida albicans is a common fungus often harbored in the mouth, digestive tract, or vagina without causing adverse ...
Invasive candidiasis is an infection (candidiasis) that can be caused by various species of Candida yeast. Unlike Candida infections of the mouth and throat (oral candidiasis) or vagina (Candidal vulvovaginitis), invasive candidiasis is a serious, progressive, and potentially fatal infection that can affect the blood (), heart, brain, eyes, bones, and other parts of the body.
Antibiotics promote yeast (fungal) infections, including gastrointestinal (GI) Candida overgrowth and penetration of the GI mucosa. [9] While women are more susceptible to genital yeast infections, men can also be infected. Certain factors, such as prolonged antibiotic use, increase the risk for both men and women.
The yeast Candida albicans can live in people without producing symptoms, and is able to cause both superficial mild candidiasis in healthy people, such as oral thrush or vaginal yeast infection, and severe systemic candidiasis in those who cannot fight infection themselves.
Before oral antifungal therapies are used to treat nail disease, a confirmation of the fungal infection should be made. [36] Approximately half of suspected cases of fungal infection in nails have a non-fungal cause. [36] The side effects of oral treatment are significant and people without an infection should not take these drugs. [36]