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A piano is a keyboard instrument that produces sound when its keys are depressed, activating an action mechanism where hammers strike strings. Modern pianos have a row of 88 black and white keys, tuned to a chromatic scale in equal temperament. A musician who specializes in piano is called a pianist.
[citation needed] Modern piano keyboards ordinarily have an octave span of 164–165 mm (6.46–6.50 in), resulting in the width of black keys averaging 13.7 mm (0.54 in) and white keys about 23.5 mm (0.93 in) at the base, disregarding space between keys.
The normal 88 keys were numbered 1–88, with the extra low keys numbered 89–97 and the extra high keys numbered 98–108. A 108-key piano that extends from C 0 to B 8 was first built in 2018 by Stuart & Sons. [4] (Note: these piano key numbers 1-108 are not the n keys in the equations or the table.)
It has 88 keys, the keyboard interface standard in most upright and grand pianos. Each key has three sensors. The keyboard action is made from natural wood and synthetic ebony. [11] The instrument attempts to mimic the feel of acoustic pianos by having a wooden core in the white keys. [8]
On their instruments, the note range extends from F0 or C0 to F8, a full eight or eight and a half octaves. The extra keys are the same as the other keys in appearance. Stuart and Sons introduced a 108 key piano in 2018, extending the upper range to B8. [4] [5] Stephen Paulello makes a piano with 102 keys [6]
Chromatic scale: every key of one octave on the piano keyboard. The chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) used in tonal music, with notes separated by the interval of a semitone.
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The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital pianos. Other keyboard instruments include celestas, which are struck idiophones operated by a keyboard, and carillons, which are usually housed in bell towers or belfries of churches or municipal buildings. [1]