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Side effects of pseudoephedrine include insomnia, elevated heart rate, increased blood pressure, restlessness, dizziness, anxiety, and dry mouth, among others. [ 21 ] [ 2 ] [ 1 ] [ 22 ] Rarely, pseudoephedrine has been associated with serious cardiovascular complications like heart attack and hemorrhagic stroke .
Phenylephrine, sold under the brand names Neosynephrine and Sudafed PE among others, is a medication used as a decongestant for uncomplicated nasal congestion in the form of a nasal spray or oral tablet, [5] to dilate the pupil, to increase blood pressure given intravenously in cases of low blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids as a suppository.
Ephedrine is a non-catecholamine sympathomimetic with cardiovascular effects similar to those of adrenaline/epinephrine: increased blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility. Like pseudoephedrine it is a bronchodilator, with pseudoephedrine having considerably less effect. [19] [20]
Potential risks: Some negative side effects like muscle cramps, facial swelling, and bloating have been reported in relation to medication interactions, as well as for some people with existing ...
There can be side effects from supplementation, such as bad-smelling breath and sweat and headaches, as well as digestive issues such as heartburn, nausea or diarrhea, Harvard’s site stated.
The hydroxyl group of phenylpropanolamine at the β carbon increases its hydrophilicity, reduces its permeation through the blood–brain barrier, and limits its central nervous system (CNS) effects. [6] Hence, phenylpropanolamine crosses into the brain only to some extent, has only weak CNS effects, and most of its effects are peripheral.
Ephedra, found in many Ephedraceae species, is a Chinese and Western herb that contains, among other amphetamines, D-norpseudoephedrine.In the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, which included 18,438 women from 10 states from 1999 to 2003, 1.3% of women reported using ephedra during pregnancy.
Common side effects of the drug include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth and throat, confusion, and blurred vision. [2] In the United States and Canada, the active ingredient is diphenhydramine. In the United Kingdom, the active ingredients of Benadryl are the second-generation antihistamines acrivastine [3] or cetirizine. [4]