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Wooden Cross Country ski poles, circa 1950. As of 2012, the earliest ski pole was found in Sweden and dates back to 3623 BC, while the earliest depiction of a man with a ski pole was found in Norway in the form of a cave painting, dated at 4000 BC. [4] [5] Early skiers would use this pole for the purposes of balancing, braking, and turning. [4]
Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing. Skiers propel themselves either by striding forward (classic style) or side-to-side in a skating motion (skate skiing), aided by arms pushing on ski poles against the snow.
On the national level, classification is handled by national sports federation such as Cross-Country Canada. Skiers in this class use two skis and no ski poles in para-alpine and para-Nordic, though skiers can use mini-ski poles provided they cannot hold a ski pole without the use of a prosthesis. Skiers develop techniques to ski that ...
Alpine skiing competitions (known as hill races) existed in Norway during the 18th and 19th centuries, but were discontinued when the main ski festival in Oslo focused on long races (competitive cross-country skiing) and ski jumping (now known as the Nordic disciplines). The alpine disciplines reemerged in Central Europe around 1920.
alpine skis, ski jumping skis, cross-country skis, ski boots: Austria: 1924: One of the largest brands through the 1960s and into the 80s, and became a force in the downhill racing market with their C4 design in the early 1980s. Today Fischer concentrates on back-country and cross-country skis. Forest Skis: freeride, ski touring and carving ...
The American Birkebeiner, first held in 1973, has grown to be the largest nordic skiing race in North America, drawing more than 10,000 participants annually to ski the 55 kilometer classic skiing ...