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The overall prevalence increases with age, with the largest increase in people over 65 years of age. [3] The prevalence of diabetes in America is estimated to increase to 48.3 million by 2050. [3] Diabetes mellitus occurs throughout the world, but is more common (especially type 2) in the more developed countries.
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on diabetes, metabolic syndromes, and obesity. The journal was established in 2008 and is published by Dove Medical Press .
The prevalence of obesity and overweight have risen to epidemic proportions in the United States, where 67% of adults are overweight and, of these, approximately half are obese. [30] [31] The prevalence of hypertension, another cardiometabolic syndrome component, has been increasing for the last decade. In 1994, 24% of U.S. adults had hypertension.
The word "diabetes" is first recorded in English, in the form diabete, in a medical text written around 1425. The word mellitus (/ m ə ˈ l aɪ t ə s / or / ˈ m ɛ l ɪ t ə s /) comes from the classical Latin word mellītus, meaning "mellite" [177] (i.e. sweetened with honey; [177] honey-sweet [178]).
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [6] Common symptoms include increased thirst , frequent urination , fatigue and unexplained weight loss . [ 3 ]
Recent studies have highlighted the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome, driven by the rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other major health organizations define metabolic syndrome with criteria that include central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.