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Narcondam hornbills are endemic to Narcondam Island in the Andamans. This is a list of endemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . It is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones.
[3] [5] Among Indian species, only 12.6% of mammals and 4.5% of birds are endemic, contrasting with 45.8% of reptiles and 55.8% of amphibians. [ 5 ] The Indian subcontinent was formerly an island landmass ( Insular India ) that split away from Gondwana around 125 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous . [ 6 ]
[24] [25] The concept of biodiversity hotspots designates those areas most important from the point of view of biodiversity, and is of special importance to endemic species. The designated 35 hotspots harbour over 50% of the world's endemic plant species and 42% of all endemic terrestrial vertebrate species, yet they constitute only 2.3% of the ...
India is listed 12th among the mega-biodiverse nations in the world with a BioD score of 0.46 on the diversity index "which is calculated by its percentage of species in each group relative to the total global number of species in each group". With 23.39% of its geographical area under forest and tree cover, India is rich in biodiversity.
This is a list of the bird species of India and includes extant and recently extinct species recorded within the political limits of the Republic of India as defined by the Indian government. There have been 1377 species recorded as of 2023, [1] of which 81 are endemic to the country. [1] 212 species are globally threatened. [2]
This is a list of plants from India that have been considered rare, threatened, endangered, or extinct by the IUCN or the Botanical Survey of India.Some of the regions mentioned may refer to old and outdated state or regional boundaries and may need to be interpreted with caution.
The Western Ghats region is a global biodiversity hotspot, with more than 1500 endemic plant species. Though only 5% of India's landmass, the region contains about a third of India's plant species. As many as 35% of plant species here are endemic. [30] [31] Tribal agriculture has been practiced in the Western Ghats for 4000 years.
A megadiverse country is one of a group of nations that harbours the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998, [1] [2] all of which are located at least partially in tropical or subtropical regions. Megadiversity means exhibiting great biodiversity.