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On July 18, 2023, Voyager 2 overtook Pioneer 10, making Pioneer 10 the third farthest spacecraft from the Sun after Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. [ 63 ] [ 64 ] As of June 2024, the probe is estimated to be 137.3 AU (20.5 billion km ; 12.8 billion mi ) from Earth and 136.3 AU (20.4 billion km ; 12.7 billion mi ) from the Sun. [ 65 ] Sunlight takes 18 ...
Pioneer 10 – launched in 1972, flew past Jupiter in 1973 and is heading in the direction of Aldebaran (65 light years away) in the constellation of Taurus.Contact was lost in January 2003, and it is estimated to have passed 134 astronomical units (AU; one AU is roughly the average distance between Earth and the Sun: 150 million kilometers (93 million miles)).
The magnitude of the Pioneer effect ((8.74 ± 1.33) × 10 −10 m/s 2) is numerically quite close to the product ((6.59 ± 0.07) × 10 −10 m/s 2) of the speed of light and the Hubble constant, hinting at a cosmological connection, but this is now believed to be of no particular significance.
Pioneer 9 (Pioneer D) – launched November 1968 (inactive since 1983) Pioneer E – lost in launcher failure August 1969; Pioneer 6 and Pioneer 9 are in solar orbits with 0.8 AU distance to the Sun. Their orbital periods are therefore slightly shorter than Earth's. Pioneer 7 and Pioneer 8 are in solar orbits with 1.1 AU distance to the Sun.
A light-minute is 60 light-seconds, and so the average distance between Earth and the Sun is 8.317 light-minutes. The average distance between Pluto and the Sun (34.72 AU [5]) is 4.81 light-hours. [6] Humanity's most distant artificial object, Voyager 1, has an interstellar velocity of 3.57 AU per year, [7] or 29.7 light-minutes per year. [8]
It was also contacted in 2003 when it was a distance of 7.6 billion miles from Earth (82 AU), but no instrument data about the solar wind was returned then. [68] [69] Voyager 1 surpassed the radial distance from the Sun of Pioneer 10 at 69.4 AU on 17 February 1998, because it was traveling faster, gaining about 1.02 AU per year. [70]
Artist's depiction of Pioneer 10, the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter. The exploration of Jupiter has been conducted via close observations by automated spacecraft.It began with the arrival of Pioneer 10 into the Jovian system in 1973, and, as of 2024, has continued with eight further spacecraft missions in the vicinity of Jupiter and two more en route.
The current distance between the Sun and Pioneer 10 is available on heavens-above.com, so Pioneer 10 is 133.767 AU from the Sun. In miles and kilometers, the current distance is available here . In distance to Earth, hoverer, Voyager 2 will overtake Pioneer 10 on September 23, 2023, when using theskylive.com. 178.95.99.242 ( talk ) 07:11, 18 ...