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one median umbilical fold on the median umbilical ligament (which in turn, contains the urachus) two medial umbilical folds on the occluded umbilical artery;
Superiorly, the lateral umbilical fold ends where the vessels reach and enter the rectus sheath [1] at the arcuate line of rectus sheath; in spite of the name, the lateral umbilical folds do not extend as far superiorly as the umbilicus. [2] Inferiorly, it extends to just medial to the deep inguinal ring. [citation needed]
The medial umbilical ligament, cord of umbilical artery, or obliterated umbilical artery is a paired structure found in human anatomy. It is on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall , and is covered by the medial umbilical folds ( plicae umbilicales mediales ).
The medial umbilical fold is an elevation of the peritoneum (on either side of the body) lining the inner surface of the lower anterior abdominal wall formed by the underlying medial umbilical ligament (the obliterated distal portion of the umbilical artery) which the peritoneum covers. [1]
This region of the abdomen contains part of the stomach, the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, a section of the transverse colon and the lower aspects of the left and right kidney. The upper three regions, from left to right, are the left hypochondriac, epigastric, and right hypochondriac regions.
In human anatomy, the median umbilical ligament is an unpaired midline ligamentous structure upon the lower inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall. [1] It is covered by the median umbilical fold. [citation needed] The median umbilical ligament represents the remnant of the fetal urachus.
During breathing, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, displacing the viscera and producing an outward movement of the upper abdominal wall (epigastric region). It is a convergence of the diaphragm and the abdominals, so that "when both sets of muscles (diaphragm and abdominals) tense, the epigastrium pushes forward". [ 1 ]
o. The left ovary: t. Testis in the place of its original formation; t', together with the dotted lines above, indicates the direction in which the testis and epididymis descend from the abdomen into the scrotum. Skene's glands a.k.a. paraurethral gland: pr. Prostate: u. Uterus. The uterine tube of the right side is marked m. va. Vagina: vh ...