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A high-pressure sodium street light in Toronto A high-pressure sodium-vapor lamp An HPS lamp that isn't entirely off. A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Two varieties of such lamps exist: low pressure and high pressure.
Gas lamps gradually started replacing oil street lamps in the United States, beginning in the first quarter of the 19th century. [3] The first street in the world to be illuminated by gaslight was Pall Mall in London, starting in 1807. [1] [5] The first US city to use gas street lights was Baltimore, starting in 1817. [4]
A sole, token gas lamp is located at N. Holliday Street and E. Baltimore Street as a monument to the first gas lamp in America, erected at that location. However, gas lighting of streets has not disappeared completely from some cities, and the few municipalities that retained gas lighting now find that it provides a pleasing nostalgic effect.
Stanley lit 23 businesses along a 4000 feet length of main street stepping a 500 AC volt current at the street down to 100 volts to power incandescent lamps at each location. [7] 1893 GE introduces first commercial fully enclosed carbon arc lamp. Sealed in glass globes, it lasts 100h and therefore 10 times longer than hitherto carbon arc lamps ...
Applications include indoor lighting of high buildings, parking lots, shops, sport terrains. High pressure sodium lamps, producing up to 150 lumens per watt produce a broader light spectrum than the low pressure sodium lamps. Also used for street lighting, and for artificial photoassimilation for growing plants
The next major drop in price came about in the 1880s with the introduction of electric lighting in the form of arc lights for large space and street lighting, followed by incandescent light bulb-based utilities for indoor and outdoor lighting. [3] [5] Over time, electric lighting became ubiquitous in developed countries. [6]