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SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction , from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of cryptographic hash functions. See the individual functions' articles for further information.
TLS 1.0 (deprecated) TLS 1.1 (deprecated) TLS 1.2 TLS 1.3 EV [n 3] [1] SHA-2 [2] ECDSA [3] BEAST [n 4] CRIME [n 5] POODLE (SSLv3) [n 6] RC4 [n 7] FREAK [4] [5] Logjam Google Chrome (Chrome for Android) [n 8] [n 9] 1–9 Windows (10+) macOS (11+) Linux Android (8.0+) iOS (14+) ChromeOS: Disabled by default Yes Yes No No No Yes (only desktop ...
[12] [10] [13] NIST formally deprecated use of SHA-1 in 2011 and disallowed its use for digital signatures in 2013, and declared that it should be phased out by 2030. [14] As of 2020, chosen-prefix attacks against SHA-1 are practical. [6] [8] As such, it is recommended to remove SHA-1 from products as soon as possible and instead use SHA-2 or ...
Suites typically use Transport Layer Security (TLS) or its deprecated predecessor Secure Socket Layer (SSL). The set of algorithms that cipher suites usually contain include: a key exchange algorithm , a bulk encryption algorithm , and a message authentication code (MAC) algorithm.
A common use of one-way compression functions is in the Merkle–Damgård construction inside cryptographic hash functions. Most widely used hash functions, including MD5, SHA-1 (which is deprecated [2]) and SHA-2 use this construction. A hash function must be able to process an arbitrary-length message into a fixed-length output.
SHA-2 available in 224, 256, 384, and 512-bit variants; HMAC keyed hash; PBKDF2 Key derivation function (RFC 2898) Digital signature standards.