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Nonprobability sampling is widely used in qualitative research. Examples of nonprobability sampling include: Convenience sampling , where members of the population are chosen based on their relative ease of access.
Rather than relying on predetermined formulas or statistical calculations, it involves a subjective and iterative judgment throughout the research process. In qualitative studies, researchers often adopt a subjective stance, making determinations as the study unfolds. Sample size determination in qualitative studies takes a different approach.
Theoretical sampling helps in exploring various hibernating research questions that are eventually evident in the data collection as a theory. According to Glaser and Holton (2004), Grounded theory that has a data collecting inclination towards theoretical sampling was first derived from qualitative sampling.
In social science research, snowball sampling is a similar technique, where existing study subjects are used to recruit more subjects into the sample. Some variants of snowball sampling, such as respondent driven sampling, allow calculation of selection probabilities and are probability sampling methods under certain conditions.
Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation.
If the intent is to generalize from the research participants to a larger population, the researcher will employ probability sampling to select participants. [43] In either qualitative or quantitative research, the researcher(s) may collect primary or secondary data. [42]
Simple random sampling merely allows one to draw externally valid conclusions about the entire population based on the sample. The concept can be extended when the population is a geographic area. [4] In this case, area sampling frames are relevant. Conceptually, simple random sampling is the simplest of the probability sampling techniques.
In statistics, in the theory relating to sampling from finite populations, the sampling probability (also known as inclusion probability) of an element or member of the population, is its probability of becoming part of the sample during the drawing of a single sample. [1]