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A spinal fracture, also called a vertebral fracture or a broken back, is a fracture affecting the vertebrae of the spinal column. Most types of spinal fracture confer a significant risk of spinal cord injury .
A coccyx fracture is a fracture of the coccyx, commonly called a broken tailbone or ‘puzzle fracture.’ The coccyx is located at the base of the spine , under the sacrum . It is the last section of the ape vertebral column .
In a study from Norway the most common cause was falls and the relative incidence of cervical spine fracture increased significantly with age. [ 1 ] Sports that involve violent physical contact carry a risk of cervical fracture, including American football , association football (especially the goalkeeper ), ice hockey , rugby , and wrestling .
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A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra.It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture).This weakening is seen in patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta, lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors, [1] or infection. [2]
Little medical progress was made during the Middle Ages in Europe; it was not until the Renaissance that the spine and nerves were accurately depicted in human anatomy drawings by Leonardo da Vinci and Andreas Vesalius. [154] In 1762, Andre Louis, a surgeon, removed a bullet from the lumbar spine of a patient, who regained motion in the legs. [154]
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Traction is a set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine [1] and skeletal system. There are two types of traction: skin traction and skeletal traction. They are used in orthopedic medicine.