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  2. Polymorphism (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)

    In biology, polymorphism [1] is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative phenotypes, in the population of a species. To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating).

  3. List of polymorphisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_polymorphisms

    In 1973, M. J. D. White, then at the end of a long career investigating karyotypes, gave an interesting summary of the distribution of chromosome polymorphism. "It is extremely difficult to get an adequate idea as to what fraction of the species of eukaryote organisms actually are polymorphic for structural rearrangements of the chromosomes.

  4. Apostatic selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostatic_selection

    It operates on polymorphic species, species which have different forms. In apostatic selection, the common forms of a species are preyed on more than the rarer forms, giving the rare forms a selective advantage in the population. [1] It has also been discussed that apostatic selection acts to stabilize prey polymorphisms.

  5. McDonald–Kreitman test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonald–Kreitman_test

    The McDonald–Kreitman test [1] is a statistical test often used by evolutionary and population biologists to detect and measure the amount of adaptive evolution within a species by determining whether adaptive evolution has occurred, and the proportion of substitutions that resulted from positive selection (also known as directional selection).

  6. Polyphenism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenism

    For example, crocodiles possess a temperature-dependent sex determining polyphenism, where sex is the trait influenced by variations in nest temperature. [ 3 ] When polyphenic forms exist at the same time in the same panmictic (interbreeding) population they can be compared to genetic polymorphism . [ 4 ]

  7. Gene polymorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_polymorphism

    Polymorphisms can be identified in the laboratory using a variety of methods. Many methods employ PCR to amplify the sequence of a gene. Once amplified, polymorphisms and mutations in the sequence can be detected by DNA sequencing, either directly or after screening for variation with a method such as single strand conformation polymorphism analysis.

  8. Scientists warn of ‘unprecedented’ risks of research into ...

    www.aol.com/news/mirror-bacteria-may-constitute...

    A group of 38 scientists working in nine countries has sounded an alarm about the potential creation of mirror bacteria — synthetic organisms in which the molecular structure found in nature is ...

  9. Phylogenetic comparative methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic_comparative...

    Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) use information on the historical relationships of lineages (phylogenies) to test evolutionary hypotheses.The comparative method has a long history in evolutionary biology; indeed, Charles Darwin used differences and similarities between species as a major source of evidence in The Origin of Species.