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Unlike glucose, fructose is not an insulin secretagogue, and can in fact lower circulating insulin. [4] In addition to the liver, fructose is metabolized in the intestines, testis, kidney, skeletal muscle, fat tissue and brain, [5] [6] but it is not transported into cells via insulin-sensitive pathways (insulin regulated transporters GLUT1 and ...
Fructose (/ ˈ f r ʌ k t oʊ s,-oʊ z /), or fruit sugar, is a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed by the gut directly into the blood of the portal vein during digestion.
After resorption in the gut, the monosaccharides are transported, through the portal vein, to the liver, where all non-glucose monosacharids (fructose, galactose) are transformed into glucose as well. [4] Glucose (blood sugar) is distributed to cells in the tissues, where it is broken down via cellular respiration, or stored as glycogen.
GLUT5 is a fructose transporter expressed on the apical border of enterocytes in the small intestine. [5] GLUT5 allows for fructose to be transported from the intestinal lumen into the enterocyte by facilitated diffusion due to fructose's high concentration in the intestinal lumen.
In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane; Renal physiology. Transcellular transport is ...
Fructose can be bad for your health when consumed as part of high-fructose corn syrup in processed foods. ... “Cancer cells are unique from most other cells in the body because they are rapidly ...
The polyol pathway is a two-step process that converts glucose to fructose. [1] In this pathway glucose is reduced to sorbitol, which is subsequently oxidized to fructose. It is also called the sorbitol-aldose reductase pathway. The pathway is implicated in diabetic complications, especially in microvascular damage to the retina, [2] kidney, [3 ...
Paracellular transport refers to the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through the intercellular space between the cells. [1] It is in contrast to transcellular transport , where the substances travel through the cell, passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane .