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  2. Singleton (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_(mathematics)

    A set such as {{,,}} is a singleton as it contains a single element (which itself is a set, but not a singleton). A set is a singleton if and only if its cardinality is 1. In von Neumann's set-theoretic construction of the natural numbers, the number 1 is defined as the singleton {}.

  3. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    Implementations of the singleton pattern ensure that only one instance of the singleton class ever exists and typically provide global access to that instance. Typically, this is accomplished by: Declaring all constructors of the class to be private , which prevents it from being instantiated by other objects

  4. Weak ordering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_ordering

    There are three ways of partitioning the items into one singleton set and one group of two tied items, and each of these partitions gives two weak orders (one in which the singleton is smaller than the group of two, and one in which this ordering is reversed), giving six weak orders of this type. And there is a single way of partitioning the ...

  5. Unit type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_type

    The carrier (underlying set) associated with a unit type can be any singleton set. There is an isomorphism between any two such sets, so it is customary to talk about the unit type and ignore the details of its value. One may also regard the unit type as the type of 0-tuples, i.e. the product of no types.

  6. Filter (set theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_(set_theory)

    A filter on a set may be thought of as representing a "collection of large subsets", [2] one intuitive example being the neighborhood filter. Filters appear in order theory, model theory, and set theory, but can also be found in topology, from which they originate. The dual notion of a filter is an ideal.

  7. Kleene star - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleene_star

    Example of Kleene star applied to the empty set: ∅ * = {ε}. Example of Kleene plus applied to the empty set: ∅ + = ∅ ∅ * = { } = ∅, where concatenation is an associative and noncommutative product. Example of Kleene plus and Kleene star applied to the singleton set containing the empty string:

  8. Singleton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton

    Singleton pattern, a design pattern that allows only one instance of a class to exist; Singleton bound, used in coding theory; Singleton variable, a variable that is referenced only once; Singleton, a character encoded with one unit in variable-width encoding schemes for computer character sets

  9. Talk:Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Singleton_pattern

    This is the same guy to which RFST "replied". When I read an encyclopedia entry which purports to be "An example of the singleton pattern implemented in C++", I expect it to be a correct implementation of the singleton pattern in C++, not an incorrect implementation nor an implementation in pseudo code.