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In contrast, a character entity reference refers to a sequence of one or more characters by the name of an entity which has the desired characters as its replacement text. The entity must either be predefined (built into the markup language), or otherwise explicitly declared in a Document Type Definition (DTD) (see [a]). The format is the same ...
Codes from 160 to 255 can all be created using character entity names. Only a few higher-numbered codes can be created using entity names, but all can be created by decimal number character reference. Character entity references can also have the format &name; where name is a case-sensitive alphanumeric string.
HTML and XML provide ways to reference Unicode characters when the characters themselves either cannot or should not be used. A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name. A numeric character reference uses the ...
The name of an HTML element is the name used in the tags. The end tag's name is preceded by a slash character, /, and that in empty elements the end tag is neither required nor allowed. If attributes are not mentioned, default values are used in each case.
Character entities, nowiki cannot escape. To escape HTML or special character entities, replace & with &. For example, &lt; → < To display a nowiki tag, you can (1) use {}, (2) replace the < left angle bracket with its HTML character entity, or (3) nest nowiki tags in each other:
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Generally, an escape character is not a particular case of (device) control characters, nor vice versa.If we define control characters as non-graphic, or as having a special meaning for an output device (e.g. printer or text terminal) then any escape character for this device is a control one.