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The term 'town planning' first appeared in 1906 and was first used in British legislation in 1909. [1]: 1 The roots of the UK town and country planning system as it emerged in the immediate post-war years lay in concerns developed over the previous half century in response to industrialisation and urbanisation.
An urban planner (also known as town planner) is a professional who practices in the field of town planning, urban planning or city planning.. An urban planner may focus on a specific area of practice and have a title such as city planner, town planner, regional planner, long-range planner, transportation planner, infrastructure planner, environmental planner, parks planner, physical planner ...
When the UK's systems of town and country planning were established by the Town and Country Planning Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6.c. 51) and, in Scotland, the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6.
A local planning authority (LPA) [1] is the local government body that is empowered by law to exercise urban planning functions for a particular area. They exist in the United Kingdom and India . [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning in specific contexts, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation ...
Modern municipal engineering finds its origins in the 19th-century United Kingdom, following the Industrial Revolution and the growth of large industrial cities. The threat to urban populations from epidemics of waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhus led to the development of a profession devoted to "sanitary science" that later became "municipal engineering".
Urban planning had thrived during the 1950s and 1960s. Planning was fostered by a period of constant economic and physical growth. The economic recession of the 1970s and 1980s was compelled to transform the nature of urban planning. This shift was especially marked in the UK, when the strong capitalist economy shifted following the great ...
The 20 largest ESPON metropolitan areas in the UK, ranked by population. A 2001 ESPON metropolitan area was defined as consisting of an urban area, conurbation or agglomeration, together with the surrounding area to which it was closely economically and socially integrated through commuting.