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The interaural time difference (or ITD) when concerning humans or animals, is the difference in arrival time of a sound between two ears. It is important in the localization of sounds , as it provides a cue to the direction or angle of the sound source from the head.
Humans can discern interaural time differences of 10 microseconds or less. [10] [11] For frequencies below 800 Hz, the dimensions of the head (ear distance 21.5 cm, corresponding to an interaural time delay of 626 μs) are smaller than the half wavelength of the sound waves. So the auditory system can determine phase delays between both ears ...
The precedence effect or law of the first wavefront is a binaural psychoacoustical effect concerning sound reflection and the perception of echoes.When two versions of the same sound presented are separated by a sufficiently short time delay (below the listener's echo threshold), listeners perceive a single auditory event; its perceived spatial location is dominated by the location of the ...
The AoA effects result from reduced neuroplasticity during the learning of mappings between representations over time. [31] [32] Early-acquired words use the rich resources available in the system, while late-acquired words need to fitted into the system already tuned to early-acquired words. Consequently, there is a processing cost for late ...
The symptoms of jet lag can be quite varied, depending on the amount of time zone alteration, time of day, and individual differences. Sleep disturbance occurs, with poor sleep upon arrival or sleep disruptions such as trouble falling asleep (when flying east), early awakening (when flying west), and trouble remaining asleep.
Representation of the stages of processing in a typical reaction time paradigm. Mental chronometry is the scientific study of processing speed or reaction time on cognitive tasks to infer the content, duration, and temporal sequencing of mental operations.
Punctuality is the characteristic of completing a required task or fulfilling an obligation before or at a previously designated time. [1] "Punctual" is often used synonymously with "on time". An opposite characteristic is tardiness. Each culture tends to have its own understanding about what is considered an acceptable degree of punctuality. [2]
The peak at time = 5 is a measure of the time shift between the recorded waveforms, which is also the value needed for equation 3. Figure 4b shows the same type of simulation for a wide-band waveform from the emitter. The time shift is 5 time units because the geometry and wave speed is the same as the Figure 4a example.