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Huygens (/ ˈ h ɔɪ ɡ ən z / HOY-gənz) was an atmospheric entry robotic space probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005. Built and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA), launched by NASA, it was part of the Cassini–Huygens mission and became the first spacecraft to land on Titan and the farthest landing from Earth a spacecraft has ever made. [3]
Titan is similar to the very early Earth and can provide clues to how life may have arisen on Earth. In 2005, the European Space Agency 's Huygens lander acquired some atmospheric and surface measurements on Titan, detecting tholins , [ 32 ] which are a mix of various types of hydrocarbons ( organic compounds ) in the atmosphere and on the surface.
Huygens was an atmospheric probe that touched down on Titan on January 14, 2005, [114] discovering that many of its surface features seem to have been formed by fluids at some point in the past. [115] Titan is the most distant body from Earth to have a space probe land on its surface. [116]
Venus is similar in size and distance from the sun when compared with Earth, and some researchers believe the planet might have even had an Earth-like climate at some point.
The Day the Earth Smiled – Saturn with some of its moons, Earth, Venus, and Mars as visible in this Cassini montage (July 19, 2013) [114] On July 19, 2013, the probe was pointed towards Earth to capture an image of the Earth and the Moon, as part of a natural light, multi-image portrait of the entire Saturn system. The event was unique as it ...
Profile of Titan's atmosphere compared to Earth's. System of Titan's lower atmosphere. Observations from the Voyager space probes have shown that the Titanean atmosphere is denser than Earth's, with a surface pressure about 1.48 times that of Earth's. [12] Titan's atmosphere is about 1.19 times as massive as Earth's overall, [22] or about 7.3 ...
14 January 2005 – Huygens entered Titan's atmosphere at 09:06 UTC and landed softly on its surface about two hours later. This was confirmed by the reception of the carrier wave emitted by the probe during its descent and touchdown. At 16:19 UTC, the Cassini orbiter started to relay the scientific data received from the probe to Earth. The ...
Titan is the only object in the outer Solar System where a spacecraft has landed and conducted surface operations. The geology of Titan encompasses the geological characteristics of Titan, the largest moon of Saturn. Titan's density of 1.881 g/cm 3 indicates that it is roughly 40–60% rock by mass, with the rest being water ice and other ...