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A graph of South Africa's murder rate (annual murders per 100,000 people) spanning the century from 1915 to 2023. The murder rate increased rapidly towards the end of Apartheid, reaching a peak in 1993. It then decreased until bottoming out at 30 per 100,000 in 2011, but steadily increased again to 44 per 100,000 in 2023 after a brief drop in 2020.
Communal violence is found in Africa, [4] [5] the Americas, [6] [7] Asia, [8] [9] Europe [10] and Oceania. [11] The term "communal violence" was coined by European colonial authorities as they wrestled to manage outbreaks of violence between religious, ethnic and disparate groups in their colonies, particularly Africa and South Asia, in early ...
Several factors have been identified as the source of outbreaks of communal violence among populations living in close proximity to each other. These include: [2] Colonial Policies; Political Instigation; Availability of Land; Access to water and pasture resources; Loss of traditional grazing land; Cattle raiding in Kenya
In The Geography of Ethnic Violence, Monica Duffy Toft shows how ethnic group settlement patterns, socially constructed identities, charismatic leaders, issue indivisibility, and state concern with precedent setting can lead rational actors to escalate a dispute to violence, even when doing so is likely to leave contending groups much worse off ...
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Map of ongoing armed conflicts (number of combat-related deaths in current or previous year): Major wars (10,000 or more) Minor wars (1,000–9,999) Conflicts (100–999) Skirmishes and clashes (1–99) The following is a list of ongoing armed conflicts that are taking place around the world ...
Communal conflicts in Nigeria [3] can be divided into two broad categories: [4] [dubious – discuss]. Ethno-religious conflicts, attributed to actors primarily divided by cultural, ethnic, or religious communities and identities, such as instances of religious violence between Christian and Muslim communities.
"A Tale of Two Townships: Political Opportunity, Violent and Non-Violent Local Control in South Africa", Alex Park's paper exploring causal factors of the 2008 violence "Broke-on-Broke Violence": What the U.S. press got wrong about South Africa's xenophobic riots , By Kerry Chance, Slate Magazine , 20 June 2008
Human rights are "rights one has simply because one is a human being." [3] These privileges and civil liberties are innate in every person without prejudice and where ethnicity, place of abode, gender, cultural origin, skin color, religious affiliation, or language including sexual orientation do not matter.