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Kaliningrad, [a] known as Königsberg [b] until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Lithuania and Poland, 663 kilometres (412 mi) west of the bulk of Russia on the Pregolya River, at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, and the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea.
On 16 July 1938, more than 1500 place names in East Prussia were changed, following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. [1] Most of the names affected were of Old Prussian, Lithuanian and Polish origin; they were either eliminated, Germanized, or simplified.
Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z b ɜːr ɡ /, German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ; lit. ' King's mountain '; Polish: Królewiec; Lithuanian: Karaliaučius; Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs; Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyónigsberg, IPA: [ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbʲɪrk]) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
Królewiec may refer to: . The Polish name for Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia (formerly Königsberg); The Polish name for Krolevets, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine; Królewiec, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
The border road near Nowa Karczma, Nowy Dwór Gdański County, July 2020. The modern Poland–Russia border is a nearly straight-line division between the Republic of Poland and the Russian Federation exclave Kaliningrad Oblast, a region not connected to the Russian mainland.
March: Inclusion of the city, in Polish known as Królewiec, within the borders of the Kingdom of Poland following a request of the Prussian Confederation. [5] March: The local mayor pledged allegiance to the Polish King during the incorporation of the region in Kraków. [6] March: City authorized by the Polish king to mint Polish coins. [7]
Polish farmers plan a total blockade of all border crossings with Ukraine on Feb. 20, a trade union said on Tuesday, escalating their month-long strike that began last week in protest against EU ...
After the war, Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad and the Russophone Kaliningrad State Pedagogical Institute used the old campus from 1948 to 1967, including the main Albertina building inaugurated in 1862. In 1967, the institute received the status of a university and became known as Kaliningrad State University.