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Italian Somaliland (Italian: Somalia Italiana; Arabic: الصومال الإيطالي, romanized: Al-Sumal Al-Italiy; Somali: Dhulka Soomaalida ee Talyaaniga) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and Majeerteen in the north, and in the south by the political entities; Hiraab Imamate ...
It comprised the colonies, protectorates, concessions and dependencies of the Kingdom of Italy. In Africa, the colonial empire included the territories of present-day Libya, Eritrea, Somalia and Ethiopia (the last three being officially named "Africa Orientale Italiana", AOI); outside Africa, Italy possessed the Dodecanese Islands (following ...
Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) [3] was an Italian colony in the Horn of Africa. It was formed in 1936 after the Second Italo-Ethiopian War through the merger of Italian Somaliland, Italian Eritrea, and the newly subjugated Ethiopian Empire. [4] Italian East Africa was divided into six governorates.
After more treaties, Italy gained control of the ports of the Benadir coastal area from the Sultanate of Zanzibar and its Sultan, [11] [12] and over the following decades, Italian power over the settlement was strengthened and, in 1905, Italy assumed the responsibility of colonizing parts in southern Somalia.
By 1960 and the establishment of the Somali Republic, their numbers had dwindled to less than 10,000. Most Italian settlers returned to Italy, while others settled in the United States, United Kingdom, Finland and Australia. In 1972, there were 1,575 Italians remaining in Somalia, down from 1,962 in 1970.
Italy [2] Fulani Empire: 1903 France and the United Kingdom: Swaziland: 1902 United Kingdom [3] Ashanti Confederacy: 1900 United Kingdom: Burundi: 1893 Germany [4] Nri Kingdom: 1911 United Kingdom: Kingdom of Benin: 1897 United Kingdom: Bunyoro: 1899 United Kingdom: Dahomey: 1894 France: Rwanda: 1894 Germany [5] Oubangui-Chari: 1894 France ...
The bay of Assab becomes the first official Italian colonial possession in Africa. 1889: Somalia is established as the second Italian colony in Africa. 1895: 21-year-old Guglielmo Marconi invents the radio telegraph. 1896: The French Lumière brothers publicly screen some of the earliest films in the history of cinema in various locations in Italy.
During the East African Campaign of WWII, the protectorate was occupied by Italy in August 1940, but recaptured by the British in summer 1941. Some Italian guerrilla fighting (Amedeo Guillet) lasted until 1942. The conquest of British Somaliland was Italy's only victory (without the cooperation of German troops) in WWII against the Allies.