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Hydrodesulfurization or hydrodesulphurisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) (HDS), also called hydrotreatment or hydrotreating, is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur (S) from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils.
Desulfurization or desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material. [1] The term usually refers to the removal of sulfur from a molecule or a material by hydrogenolysis: [2] R 2 S + 2 H 2 → 2RH + H 2 S. Hydrogen is the ultimate sulfur acceptor. As applied to oil refinery streams, the conversion is known as ...
Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a set of technologies used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO 2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants, and from the emissions of other sulfur oxide emitting processes such as waste incineration, petroleum refineries, cement and lime kilns.
In several places there is a need for both electric power and sulfuric acid. A cheap high-sulfur fuel such as petroleum coke can be used for power generation, while the flue gas is cleaned in an SNOX plant producing sulfuric acid. Elemental sulfur is fired in the SNOX plant in order to produce the desired amount of sulfuric acid.
The WSA process can be applied in all industries where sulfur removal presents an issue. The wet catalysis process is used for processing sulfur-containing streams, such as: [1] H 2 S gas from e.g. amine gas treating unit; Off-gas from sour water stripper (SWS) gas; Off-gas from Rectisol; Spent acid from an alkylation unit; Claus process tail gas
Removal efficiency of pollutants is improved by increasing residence time in the scrubber or by the increase of surface area of the scrubber solution by the use of a spray nozzle, packed towers or an aspirator. Wet scrubbers may increase the proportion of water in the gas, resulting in a visible stack plume, if the gas is sent to a stack.